Real time monitoring and control of wind power farms (WPFs) require a high reliable communication network infrastructure. The simulation results show that the end-to-end delay of the IR-camera based monitoring can satisfy the IEEE 1646 standard timing requirements. The communication network is modeled and simulated through OPNET. Therefore, different compression techniques such as MPEG-2 and H.264 are considered to evaluate the network performance. This can lead the problem of high bandwidth demand and security issues. Since, the external communication network is usually shared by other sub-networks for different applications. The amount of data traffic is numerically modeled with different parameters such as image resolutions, frame size, frame number, and data rates for the transmission of data. The communication network is designed in two parts the internal communication network inside the WT and the external communication network between WT and remote control center. According to the aforementioned categorization of WT components, three different types of IR-camera with a low, medium, and high resolution are used. According to the feasibility study, the WT components are then prioritized into three different categories of high, low, and medium. Firstly, the feasibility study of various components such as electrical, mechanical and control system of WT which can be monitored through IR-camera was conducted.
This paper proposes communication network architecture for remote monitoring of WT based on non-contact IR-cameras to detect the failures in real-time. Therefore, an Infrared (IR)-camera can be considered an effective visual tool with a large coverage area, high accuracy, reliability, and cost effectiveness. These techniques were developed based on embedded system with several sensors and complex cabling requirements. Recently, numerous monitoring techniques have been proposed to detect the failure of wind turbine (WT). We evaluate the proposed framework for its threat analysis capability as well as its scalability by executing experiments on synthetic test cases. Moreover, the adversary wants to remain stealthy to the wind farm bad data detection mechanism while it is launching its cyberattack on the turbine sensors.
HOME NETWORK MONITORING AND TIMECONTROL VERIFICATION
The framework designs this verification as a maximization problem where the adversary's goal is to maximize the wind farm power production loss with its limited attack capability. In this paper, we present a formal framework to verify the impact of false data injection attack on the wind farm meteorological sensor measurements. The turbine sensors are prone to cyberattacks and with the evolving of large wind farms and their share in the power generation, it is crucial to analyze such potential cyber threats. The wind farm control center monitors the turbine sensors and adjusts the power generation parameters for optimal power production. Modern wind turbines are equipped with meteorological sensors. A wind farm consists of many turbines, often spread across a large geographical area. Countries around the world are increasingly deploying large wind farms that can generate a significant amount of clean energy. Wind energy is one of the major sources of renewable energy. The simulation results show that the communication network can guarantee the transmission of data for critical LNs and also can satisfy the end-to-end delay requirements of IEEE 1646 standard. The amount of data traffic is then defined for each class type. These LNs are mapped into critical and noncritical LNs classes according to the required quality of service (QoS). The IEC 61400-25 standard logical nodes (LNs) are considered to model the real WT in simulation. Then the effectiveness of the communication network is evaluated through different network failure scenarios between WF and control center in OPNET. Firstly, the physical layout of the southwest WF is considered to design a robust communication network topology with minimum number of redundant network resources. This paper design and simulate communication network with reconfiguration for southwest offshore wind farm (WF) in South Korea. Real-time monitoring and control of WFs can be done through a reliable, fault-tolerant and cost effective communication network architecture. To maximize the penetration of wind energy the operations of wind turbines (WTs) within the wind farms (WFs) needs to be monitored and controlled in real-time.
The status of wind such as strong or weak wind fluctuates the wind energy, which effects the stability and availability of the smart grid.